Country · LY
Libya
ليبيا לוב1 party on file · 1 joint list
Timeline · 1 event
Region timeline →-
Muammar Gaddafi killed
NATO-backed rebel forces captured and killed Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi outside Sirte on 2011-10-20, ending 42 years of his rule. Libya descended into civil war and the country has remained divided between competing governments since 2014.
Marquee bills
All bills →Compass · Libya
Country mean — Economic +3.0, Social -1.8
Ringed dots are parties currently in government. See the full regional compass · hand-coded estimates; methodology.
Current leadership
- Head of state In gov
Mohammed al-Menfi محمد المنفي
Independent
Chairman of Libya's Presidential Council since 2021; the internationally-recognized sovereign-centre figure positioned between Libya's rival western and eastern camps amid the post-2014 institutional split.
- Head of state
Muammar Gaddafi معمر القذافي
Independent
De facto leader of Libya 1969-2011 (1942-2011). Came to power in a military coup against King Idris and ruled for 42 years through his idiosyncratic Jamahiriya system. Killed by rebel forces on 2011-10-20 outside Sirte during the NATO-backed Libyan uprising.
- Head of government In gov
Abdul Hamid Dbeibah عبد الحميد الدبيبة
Independent
Prime Minister of the Tripoli-based Government of National Unity since March 2021. Mandate originally expired in late 2021; remains in office amid stalled elections.
- Head of government In gov
Abdul Hamid Dbeibeh عبد الحميد الدبيبة
Independent
Prime Minister of Libya's internationally-recognized Government of National Unity (GNU) in Tripoli since March 2021. Businessman from Misrata.
- Party leader
Saif al-Islam Gaddafi سيف الإسلام القذافي
Independent
Second son of Muammar Gaddafi, formerly the regime's presumed political successor; presidential candidate in the 2021 Libyan election that was delayed indefinitely.
- Activist
Salwa Bugaighis سلوى بوقعيقيص
Independent
Libyan lawyer and secular pro-democracy activist; a leading voice in the 2011 revolution and a vocal critic of Islamist militias after Gaddafi's fall. Assassinated at her home in Benghazi on 25 June 2014 — the day of Libya's parliamentary elections, which she had publicly urged Libyans to vote in.
- Other
Khalifa Haftar خليفة حفتر
Independent
Field Marshal and commander of the Libyan National Army; de facto authority in eastern Libya from Tobruk. Conducted a 2019–2020 military campaign against Tripoli; remains the dominant non-GNU actor.
Joint electoral lists
Parties
Source documents · 5
All docs →- Libya — al-Menfi statement to the 79th UN General Assembly (25 Sep 2024, Presidential Council Chair) 138 words
- Khalifa Haftar — exclusive interview “Roadmap Beyond Tripoli” (Al Marsad / Libyan Address), 19 June 2019 (English translation of Arabic) 334 words
- التعريف بالحزب — حزب العدالة والبناء (Justice and Construction Party — Definition of the Party declaration of principles) 268 words
- ميثاق تحالف القوى الوطنية (Charter of the National Forces Alliance) 309 words
- Muammar Gaddafi — The Green Book, Part One: 'The Authority of the People' (1975; English translation of Arabic original) 511 words
How to cite
Each record carries a retrieval date because the dataset is live — individual entries update as verification deepens. Use the per-record citation when referencing this specific profile; use the dataset citation below when referencing the project as a whole.
In-text: (Gara, 2026)
Per-record citation
APA 7Reference list · academic default
Gara, T. (2026). Libya [Country profile]. Tayyar: A MENA political-position dataset. Retrieved June 21, 2026, from https://tarekgara.com/tayyar/c/LY
Chicago author-dateCommon in political-science journals
Gara, Tarek. 2026. "Libya." Country profile, Tayyar: A MENA political-position dataset. Accessed June 21, 2026. https://tarekgara.com/tayyar/c/LY.
BibTeXFor LaTeX / Zotero / reference managers
@misc{tayyar-country-ly,
title = {{Libya}},
author = {Gara, Tarek},
year = {2026},
publisher = {Tayyar: A MENA political-position dataset},
type = {Country profile},
url = {https://tarekgara.com/tayyar/c/LY},
urldate = {2026-06-21},
note = {First-pass entry; second-pass external review planned before publication.}
} Dataset / working-paper citation
If you're citing Tayyar as a project rather than this individual record.
APA 7Preprint
Gara, T. (2026). Tayyar: A MENA political-position dataset [Preprint]. Retrieved June 21, 2026, from https://tarekgara.com/tayyar/paper
BibTeXPreprint
@unpublished{tayyar-preprint,
title = {{Tayyar: A MENA political-position dataset}},
author = {Gara, Tarek},
year = {2026},
type = {Preprint},
url = {https://tarekgara.com/tayyar/paper},
urldate = {2026-06-21},
note = {Living document, regenerated from the live dataset on page load.}
} First-pass entry; second-pass external review planned before publication.