Country · SD
Sudan
السودان סודאן4 parties on file
Timeline · 4 events
Region timeline →-
Sudan: Civil war breaks out between SAF and RSF
Two years after they jointly overthrew the civilian transitional government, the Sudanese Armed Forces under Burhan and the Rapid Support Forces under Hemedti turned on each other. Fighting started in Khartoum and Merowe air base and spread within days to most major cities. By 2026, it had become the world's largest displacement crisis and largest hunger emergency; the RSF held much of Darfur, the SAF held the east and north, and the country had effectively partitioned.
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Sudanese civil war begins
Open warfare broke out between the Sudanese Armed Forces (led by Sovereignty Council chairman Abdel Fattah al-Burhan) and the Rapid Support Forces (led by Hemedti) on 2023-04-15. The war has displaced over 10 million Sudanese and shows no signs of resolution.
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Sudanese 2021 coup
Generals Burhan and Hemedti seized full control of the Sudanese transitional government on 2021-10-25, dissolving the civilian-led cabinet that had been in power since the 2019 overthrow of Bashir. Set the conditions for the 2023 fallout between the two men into civil war.
Show 1 earlier event (2019)
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Omar al-Bashir overthrown
A military coup overthrew Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir on 2019-04-11 after months of mass protests. Initially seen as a democratic opening, the transition was derailed by the October 2021 al-Burhan coup and the 2023 outbreak of war with the RSF.
Marquee bills
All bills →Compass · Sudan
Country mean — Economic -1.2, Social -0.3
Ringed dots are parties currently in government. See the full regional compass · hand-coded estimates; methodology.
Current leadership
- Head of state In gov
Abdel Fattah al-Burhan عبد الفتاح البرهان
Independent
Chairman of the Sudanese Sovereignty Council and de facto head of state since 2019; commander of the Sudanese Armed Forces in the ongoing war with the RSF.
- Party leader
Sadiq al-Mahdi الصادق المهدي
National Umma Party
Leader of the National Umma Party until his death in 2020. Sudan's last democratically elected Prime Minister (1986-1989), overthrown by Bashir's 1989 coup.
- Other
Abdalla Hamdok عبد الله حمدوك
Independent
Civilian Prime Minister of Sudan during the post-Bashir transition (2019–2022). Economist by background; previously deputy executive secretary at UNECA. Was deposed by Burhan's October 2021 coup, briefly reinstated under a discredited deal that month, and resigned in January 2022. Now leads the Sudan Founding Alliance (Taqaddum), the main civilian political bloc trying to position for the post-war settlement.
- Other
Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo (Hemedti) محمد حمدان دقلو (حميدتي)
Independent
Commander of the Rapid Support Forces (RSF); former deputy chairman of the Sovereignty Council. Leader of the RSF side in the Sudanese civil war that began in April 2023.
Parties
- Democratic Unionist Party الحزب الاتحادي الديمقراطي
Led by · Mohamed Osman al-Mirghani
Centrist nationalist party rooted in the Khatmiyya Sufi order; long-time rival of the Umma Party in Sudanese politics.
- National Congress Party حزب المؤتمر الوطني
Omar al-Bashir's Islamist ruling party, dominant from 1998; dissolved after his 2019 overthrow.
- National Umma Party حزب الأمة القومي
Led by · Fadlallah Burma Nasir
Mahdist-rooted moderate-Islamist party with a centrist civic line; historically associated with Sadiq al-Mahdi.
- Sudanese Communist Party الحزب الشيوعي السوداني
Led by · Mohammed Mukhtar al-Khatib
Long-standing Sudanese Marxist party; has been periodically banned and persecuted across multiple regimes.
Source documents · 12
All docs →- Abdel Fattah al-Burhan address to the 79th UN General Assembly, 26 Sep 2024 (English translation of Arabic original) 516 words
- Abdel Fattah al-Burhan — 79th UN General Assembly speech (26 Sep 2024) 111 words
- Abdel Fattah al-Burhan — Address to the 79th UN General Assembly, 26 September 2024 (official English interpretation of Arabic) 151 words
- Hemedti (Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo) — public statement on negotiations and the war with al-Burhan, 18 August 2024 (English translation of Arabic) 245 words
- Sudan war erupts — the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces clash in Khartoum (15 April 2023) 126 words
- Sudan: al-Burhan seizes power in the 25 October 2021 coup, dissolving the transitional government 105 words
How to cite
Each record carries a retrieval date because the dataset is live — individual entries update as verification deepens. Use the per-record citation when referencing this specific profile; use the dataset citation below when referencing the project as a whole.
In-text: (Gara, 2026)
Per-record citation
APA 7Reference list · academic default
Gara, T. (2026). Sudan [Country profile]. Tayyar: A MENA political-position dataset. Retrieved June 21, 2026, from https://tarekgara.com/tayyar/c/SD
Chicago author-dateCommon in political-science journals
Gara, Tarek. 2026. "Sudan." Country profile, Tayyar: A MENA political-position dataset. Accessed June 21, 2026. https://tarekgara.com/tayyar/c/SD.
BibTeXFor LaTeX / Zotero / reference managers
@misc{tayyar-country-sd,
title = {{Sudan}},
author = {Gara, Tarek},
year = {2026},
publisher = {Tayyar: A MENA political-position dataset},
type = {Country profile},
url = {https://tarekgara.com/tayyar/c/SD},
urldate = {2026-06-21},
note = {First-pass entry; second-pass external review planned before publication.}
} Dataset / working-paper citation
If you're citing Tayyar as a project rather than this individual record.
APA 7Preprint
Gara, T. (2026). Tayyar: A MENA political-position dataset [Preprint]. Retrieved June 21, 2026, from https://tarekgara.com/tayyar/paper
BibTeXPreprint
@unpublished{tayyar-preprint,
title = {{Tayyar: A MENA political-position dataset}},
author = {Gara, Tarek},
year = {2026},
type = {Preprint},
url = {https://tarekgara.com/tayyar/paper},
urldate = {2026-06-21},
note = {Living document, regenerated from the live dataset on page load.}
} First-pass entry; second-pass external review planned before publication.