King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz

عبد الله بن عبد العزيز

Head of state Inactive Verified

King of Saudi Arabia 2005-2015 (1924-2015). De facto ruler from 1995 when his half-brother King Fahd suffered a stroke. Oversaw cautious modernization including the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology and the early stages of women's rights reforms.

Country: Saudi Arabia
Party: Independent / unaligned
Role: Head of state
Status: Historical figure

Position

King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz governs without formal party mediation and has no source documents on file yet, so no individual position is assigned.

How to cite

Each record carries a retrieval date because the dataset is live — individual entries update as verification deepens. Use the per-record citation when referencing this specific profile; use the dataset citation below when referencing the project as a whole.

In-text: (Gara, 2026)

Per-record citation

APA 7Reference list · academic default

Gara, T. (2026). King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz [Politician profile]. Tayyar: A MENA political-position dataset. Retrieved June 21, 2026, from https://tarekgara.com/tayyar/pol/king-abdullah

Chicago author-dateCommon in political-science journals

Gara, Tarek. 2026. "King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz." Politician profile, Tayyar: A MENA political-position dataset. Accessed June 21, 2026. https://tarekgara.com/tayyar/pol/king-abdullah.

BibTeXFor LaTeX / Zotero / reference managers

@misc{tayyar-king-abdullah,
  title     = {{King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz}},
  author    = {Gara, Tarek},
  year      = {2026},
  publisher = {Tayyar: A MENA political-position dataset},
  type      = {Politician profile},
  url       = {https://tarekgara.com/tayyar/pol/king-abdullah},
  urldate   = {2026-06-21},
  note      = {First-pass entry; second-pass external review planned before publication.}
}

Dataset / working-paper citation

If you're citing Tayyar as a project rather than this individual record.

APA 7Preprint

Gara, T. (2026). Tayyar: A MENA political-position dataset [Preprint]. Retrieved June 21, 2026, from https://tarekgara.com/tayyar/paper

BibTeXPreprint

@unpublished{tayyar-preprint,
  title  = {{Tayyar: A MENA political-position dataset}},
  author = {Gara, Tarek},
  year   = {2026},
  type   = {Preprint},
  url    = {https://tarekgara.com/tayyar/paper},
  urldate = {2026-06-21},
  note   = {Living document, regenerated from the live dataset on page load.}
}

First-pass entry; second-pass external review planned before publication.