Ahmad Al-Saadoun (veteran Speaker of Kuwait's National Assembly) — speech to the Assembly's budget session (Al-Dustour, the Assembly's official newspaper, 2 Aug 2023): reform and anti-corruption are the government's/PM's responsibility under Article 123 of the Constitution; the elected legislature presses the executive to deliver. The Kuwaiti parliamentary-oversight / anti-corruption pole.

من يملك تنفيذ هذه التشريعات ومن يملك إدارة البلد وفق المادة 123 من الدستور هو الحكومة، وسمو رئيس مجلس الوزراء عليك مسؤولية من اليوم بألا تترك الأمور "تمشي" كما هي.

دعوة الإصلاح بدأت في 22/6/2022 في الخطاب التاريخي لكن هذا الإصلاح يجب أن يستمر بإجراءات تنفيذية، نحن في السلطة التشريعية لن نألو جهدا والإخوان النواب تعاونوا إلى أبعد الحدود وإذا تم الإصلاح فسنرى وضعاً مختلفاً في الكويت.

[English translation/summary by the agent; the Arabic content_original is verbatim. Source: Al-Dustour (الدستور), the official newspaper of the Kuwait National Assembly (kna.kw), 2 August 2023, reporting his speech to the Assembly's special budget session; tier-1 (the institutional publication of the parliament he chaired); confirmed verbatim against the fetched page.] Declared positions of Ahmad Abdulaziz Al-Saadoun (Ahmed Al-Sadoun) — the veteran dean of Kuwaiti parliamentary politics (b. 1934), repeatedly elected Speaker of the National Assembly (in the 1980s–90s and again 2022–2024) and a historic leader of the parliamentary OPPOSITION that defends the 1962 Constitution and the elected Assembly's powers against the executive. In this budget-session address he casts himself as a champion of REFORM, TRANSPARENCY and ANTI-CORRUPTION: reform is squarely the responsibility of the Prime Minister and the government — "The one who holds the power to implement these laws and to run the country, per Article 123 of the Constitution, is the government; and Your Highness the Prime Minister, you bear the responsibility, from today, not to let matters 'drift' as they are" — and he demands accountability for "the elements of corruption … according to the law." Across the speech he attacks the opacity of the Kuwait Investment Authority (contrasting it with the full disclosure of Norway's sovereign-wealth fund), the patronage-based ("wasta") appointment of unqualified officials, the failure to deliver the housing and jobs guaranteed by law, and a "deep state" he says truly runs the country behind the rotating governments. He closes: "The call for reform began on 22/6/2022 with the historic [Emiri] speech, but this reform must continue through executive measures. We in the legislative branch will spare no effort … and if reform is achieved, we will see a different Kuwait." This is the KUWAITI PARLIAMENTARY-DEMOCRACY / OVERSIGHT / ANTI-CORRUPTION pole — the Gulf's most empowered elected legislature asserting constitutional authority over the appointed government, transparency over state finances, and merit over patronage. [Axes: governance / democracy (parliamentary oversight; elected Assembly vs the executive; Article 123; defense of the constitution), corruption / transparency (anti-corruption accountability; KIA opacity vs Norway's openness; against "wasta" patronage appointments), state-economy (sovereign-wealth transparency; housing and employment as constitutional entitlements; opposition to public borrowing before reform), reform (backing the 2022 Emiri reform agenda while pressing the government to execute it).]